The Polymorphism of Surfactant Protein D Gene Causes Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Iraq

Abstract

Background: A Paramyxoviridae member of the family of viruses, RSV (respiratory syncytial viruses) is an enclosed, non-seggmented, and negatively stranded RNA virus. It is the primary global reason of pediatric minor respiratory tract infections (LRTI). RSV-associated acute LRTI is thought to affect 33 million persons universal annual, leading to more than 3 million hospitalizations, 59,600 in-hospital fatalities in children under the age of 5, and 6.7% of all baby deaths under the age of one. Pediatricians in our nation have observed an increase in the number of young children under 2 years old who suffer from bronchiolitis and lower respiratory infections, which are most common in the winter and occasionally present as epidemics through great sickness and death, particularly in patients with causal infections. Methods: A total of 60 patients recruited from Maternity and Children Hospital in AL-Qadissiyah province with age range between 1 month–2 years, during the period of the end of December 2021 to March 2022. Other categories included in this study comprised 60 seemingly healthy persons with no history of systemic illness who were clinically deemed to be healthy. To minimize repetitive Three milliliters of blood were thawed and frozen for polymerase chain reaction amplification and SPD detection. samples were taken by vein puncture using reusable needles under aseptic procedure, put into an EDTA tube, and promptly frozen at -20 C until further usage-11-T/C gene (ARMS-PCR) technique Results: The mean time of life of patients was 9.51 ± 0.65 month and the mean age of the patients was 7.55 0.57 years, and there was no significant difference in mean age between controls and patients. age (P = 0.093). Patients’ group included 32 (53.3 %) males and 28 (46.7%) females, while the control group consisted of 26 (43.3%) men and 34 (56.7%) females, with There was no significant statistical difference in the frequency and percentage of sickness and control. participants allowing to sex. (P = 0.273). The association between SPD11 (T/C) POLY gene polymorphism and risk of RSV infection is shown in table (2). The homozygous genotype CC was more frequent in patients’ group in comparison with controller group, 32 as opposed to 28, correspondingly and the difference was non-significant (P = 0.130). Therefore, genotype CC was a risk factor for RSV infection with an odds ratio of 2.143 (95% confidence interval of 0.790 – 5.806) and an etiologic fraction of 0.426. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between RSV severity and the surfactant protein D gene polymorphism.