Using Some Qualitative Indicators in Evaluating the Water Pollution of The Euphrates River After the Cities Fallujah and Ramadi

Abstract

Three sites were selected for a part of the Euphrates River between the cities of Ramadi and Fallujah in Anbar Governorate - western Iraq, where samples were collected from August 2021 to April 2022. For phytoplankton communities and their seasonal and local variations, the results of the current study showed the effect of seasonal and local changes in addition to human activities on the average values ​​of chemical and physical characteristics in the waters of the Euphrates River. Where the air temperature within the study sites ranged between 41.40-13.20 degrees Celsius and that the degree of the water temperature was between 27.40-10.40 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the water of the Euphrates River is considered warm and the phosphates have risen in the summer and decreased in the winter, where their value ranged between 9.08-2.92 mg/l, while the silicate values ​​ranged between 17.6-8.8 mg/l as they exceeded the limits allowed in natural waters, and the reason for its rise in the summer is due to the water currents that cause water circulation and the rise of silica to the surface. The values ​​​​of the vital oxygen requirement ranged (BOD) between 30.2-9.2 mg/L Bacillariophyceae, it contained 114 species and 38 genera.