Oxidant-Antioxidant Status and Chronic Kidney Disease Related to Lead Exposure in a Sample of Iraqi Population

Abstract

Numerous disease processes, such as chronic kidney disease linked to lead exposure, depend heavily on oxidative stress. This study examined the connection between antioxidant activities and elemental lead in 45 individuals with CKD with the goal of identifying malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxide. Subjects and Method: The study included 77 people, their ages ranged (17-72 years), 45 of them were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, while 32 of them were diagnosed with good health. Samples were collected from December 2021 to May 2022 and blood lead levels and selenium levels were estimated using atomic absorption, biochemical parameters were measured weight calculated for body mass index divided by height squared in meters, malondialdehyde was determined by competitive ELISA Technique, Where total antioxidant capacity was estimated by colorimetric methods using Spectrophotometer from Genway company. Results: In addition to the biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde, which was significantly higher in the patients compared to the healthy group, there was a significant decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, total antioxidants capacity, and selenium levels in the patients compared to the control group. The mean blood lead levels in the group of chronic kidney disease patients were significantly higher than in the control group (p≤ 0.01) as well. Additionally, we discovered a substantial negative link between blood lead levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), TAC, and concentration of selenium (-0.463**; -0.722**; -0.559**) respectively, as well as a significant positive correlation between blood lead levels and MDA (0.546**).