Anatomical Pollen Study of Some Species Dicots Spp. grown in Al-Najaf governorate

Abstract

This study investigated the Anatomical properties on some cultivated Dicots species belongs Apiaceae, Solanaceae and Malvaceae Family, Ap. graveolens,D. carota, P. crispum, F. vulgare, C. sativum, S. melongena and Ab. Esculentus. Growen in Al -Najaf governorate, the anatomical characteristics such as the length of the polar axis, the equatorial axis, and the percentage of between the the two axes have been studied a and determine the length of the groove and width, thickness of pollen Exine, and the type of ornamentation of wall, the species has been studied using light microscope and Scanning electron microscope and show the presence difference between the length (162 – 14.2) um, (121 – 12.3) um of polar axis and equatorial axis respectively, it was presence through the study that the species belog to the Apiaceae have aprorate – spheroidal while a oblate – spheroidal of the solanaeae Family species, on the other hand sphiodal – sub spheroidal on the Ab.esculentus and measured the wall thickness and it was found that Ab. esculentus larger from other species and determine that the pores and grooves was tricolporate and rarely tetracolporate excepte the Ab. esculentus was penta to polyporate and studied the spines (echinae) on the surface of pollen grians of Ab. esculentus and cosidered an important taxonomic characteristic and spreads randomly on the surface of the grain, the type of tectum was faint in Ab. graveolens, D. carota and P. crispum, F. vulgare, C. Sativum and An.graveolens was simple faint in S. lycopersicum and was psilate (smooth) in S. melongena and, While was reticulate in C. annum on equatorial view, and echinate gemmate in Ab. esculentus in polar and equatorial view, on the other hands the ornamentation was granulate in D. carota, F. vulgare, C. sativum and S. melongena, exine was simple scabrate in An. graveolens and was scabrate in the C. annum and P. crispum and was smooth in Ap. graveolens,and simple faint in S.lycopersicum on the polar view and was divided according the size to small, medium – small,and very large. further C. annum was Tricolporate and rarely tetracoporate while the F. vulgare and C.sativum was Tricolporate and Tetracolporate while S. lycopersicum was tetracolporate and dependes on the number considered monad in all species except for the species S. melongena mostly tetrad.