Detection of Interleukin-10 and interferon-γ as biomarkers in COVID-19 patients

Abstract

Background: Measurement of serum levels of IFN-Y and IL-10 can be used as biomarker in COVID-19 patients and assessment of disease severity.Objectives: To assess the levels of Interlukin-10 and Interferon-γ in serum of COVID-19 patients using ELISA test. Materials and Methods: We collect serum and nasopharyngeal (NP) swab from 100 COVID-19 suspects and 50 control healthy persons in an Al Fallujah Teaching Hospital, Anbar, Iraq from 29 November 2021 to 15 February 2022. The results from the patients were compared with control group and disease severity. Results: Among 100 suspects, 84 (84%) were positive while in control group 11(22%) persons were positive for IFN-Y, with (P-value<0.05). Out of 56 positive NP RT-PCR, there were 53(94%) positive IFN-Y and from 44 negative NP RT-PCR,31(70.5%) were positive IFN-Y with (p-value<0.05).All moderate to severs patients 11(100%) were positive IFN-Y, while from 89 mild patients, 73(82%) were positive IFN-Y with (p-value >0.05). Among 100 patients 72were positive for interleukin- 10, in control group 9 persons were positive with (P-value<0.05). Among 56 positive RT-PCR 50 patients, were positive IL-10. Conclusion: There is significant increase in serum IFN-γ and IL-10 in COVID-19 patients.