Correlation between parvovirus B19 infections and cardiovascular disease in Najaf Governorate patients

Abstract

Introduction: The term parvovirus is based on the Latin name for tiny, parvus. It is small-sized, without an enveloped icosahedral human parvovirus. While B19V has been diagnosed and involved in a greater number of clinical conditions including diverse organs and tissues that are primarily neurological and rheumatologic in origins such as encephalopathy, meningitis, and epilepsy, it has also been identified as a significant cardio tropic virus, causing acute myocarditis and probably contributing to the development of severe cardiomyopathies. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella term for a number of linked pathologies, commonly defined as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic and congenital heart diseases and venous thromboembolism. Aim of study: Study association between parvovirus B19 infections and cardiovascular disease Methodology: This study (cross-sectional study) included 200 individuals with cardiovascular disorders from January 2022 and May 2022 that were clinically diagnosed by cardiology specialists. The patients ranged in age from (1 to 80) years old, with 58 females and 142 males among the 200 cases.The serum samples of patients were obtained for screening of the presence of PV B19 Ag, PV B19_ IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA using commercial kits (SUNLONG_CHINA). Results: Immunological techniques were applied to determine immunological indicators including the antigens of parvo B19, Anti- parvo B19 IgM & Anti- parvo B19 IgG. Results in age groups differ among parvo B19 Ags compared to Anti- parvo B19 IgM.Significant results for Anti-PV B19 IgM values and PV B19 Ag were present among age group patients with a p-Value equal to 0.03. The study also displays a considerable result for Anti- PV B19 IgG values and Anti- PV B19 IgM was present among age groups patients with a p-Value equal to 0.002. Association of CVD and study markers showed no significant difference between IgG and IgM in cardiovascular disease types with a p-Value equal to 0.481. Conclusions: A significant number of cardiovascular disorders patients are infected with parvovirus B19. As many patients had an increase in both their parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM levels at the same time, activation of parvovirus B19 infection may be the reason for cardiovascular disorders or the progression of pre-existing conditions.