Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Mentha Spicata Leaves Methanolic Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Acinetobacter Baumannii

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a critical public health issue that necessitates more research and the development of alternate solutions. It is essential to identify novel antimicrobial agents (nanomaterials) capable of treating resistant isolates. Nanotechnology is predicted to pave the way for new ways to prevent and combat disease-causing microbes. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using an environmentally benign and straightforward method in which Mentha spicata leaf methanolic extract was used.UV-visible spectroscopy, an atomic spectrophotometer, and transmission electron microscopy were used to identify biosynthesized AgNPs (TEM). Silver nanoparticles showed one peak absorption at (450-500) nm in the UV-vis spectra of the solution. The silver nanoparticle concentration was found to be 240 g/ml using an atomic spectrophotometer. The AgNPs were predominantly spherical and of various sizes, according to TEM pictures. The size of the silver nanoparticles measured by TEM ranged from (9.8 nm – 51.42 nm), and the purity of the NPs was confirmed using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The findings of this study show that biosynthetic AgNPs exhibit antibacterial action against S.aureus and A.baumannii by measuring the diameter of the inhibitory zone around biosynthetic AgNP-containing wells. Against powerful biofilm producer isolates,AgNPs showed antibiofilm action.A total of 69 isolates of S.aureus & A. baumannii were tested to determine their ability to biofilm formation by microtiter plate method The final score was 22. (53.6 %) 11 isolates (40%) produced a robust biofilm, 12 isolates (29.2%), and 8 isolates (28.3%) produced a moderate biofilm.4 (9.7 %) S.aureus & A. baumannii concentration, 6 (21.4%) of isolates developed weak biofilm, and 3(7.3%) 3(10%) of isolates were nonbiofilm producers S.aureus & A.baumannii. The study concluded that the Utilization of secondary metabolites of Mentha spicata was used leaf extract as a reducing agent in the process of AgNPs synthesis. Biosynthesized AgNPs have antibacterial and antibiofilm activity.