Study of Low Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Enzyme Activity in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease in Najaf Province, Iraq.

Abstract

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme in human and its associated esterase are high-density lipoprotein and is speculated in performing a great effect in different human diseases such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and lately stroke. A crucial antioxidant defense system against lipid oxidation has been recorded in relation with these enzymes. Decreased PON-1 activity in several conditions and diseases has been correlated with systemic oxidative stress related to decrease activity of these enzymes. The goal of this research was to ascertain measurement of the level of activity of PON and arylesterase (ARE) enzyme, also, the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in metabolic syndrome (MES) was determined and reveal the likely relationship between them. The study was performed on 110 MES affected patients and 240 controls indicated as healthy. Outpatients selected randomly and samples had been recruited from the clinics of Al-Najaf center of Diabetes and Endocrinology using a case -control study as a design. A spectrophotometry technique was used to measure and determine PON and ARE activities. The ferric reducing ability of plasma assay was used to determine the TAC. We indicated that a significant lowering in serum PON activity in patients with MES (70.5±65.52 IU/l) than healthy subjects (70.5±65.52 and 92.52±78.35 IU/l) (P<0.05). It has been shown that the activity of serum ARE enzyme in MES and control were 43.52±22.62 and 63.85±30.2 kU/l respectively. Additionally, a significant lower of activity ARE enzyme was recorded in affected individuals with MES than control (P<0.0001). Whilst variations between MES and controls regarding TAC were not significant. in their diversity. Probability of lowering in the PON and ARE activities in MES may be theorized as an autonomous risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases, which reside to be clarified and left for further investigation