Detection of toll like Receptor4 gene Polymorphism 896 A/G in Patient with Recurrent Urinary tract Infection

Abstract

BackgroundThe numerous resident and recruited cells that make up the urinary tract's innate immune system include the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), and Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR11). Early pathogen detection is made possible by these PRRs, which then translate this signal to start an immediate and potent pro-inflammatory immune response. TLR4 is encoded by the human TLR4 gene (Gene ID = 7099; 9q33.1), which produces a 224 amino acid protein. TLR4 activities in bladder cells include the stimulation of IL-6 and IL-8 production as well as the inhibition of bacterial invasion and encouragement of bacterial expulsion in bladder epithelial cells via the activation of MyD88-dependent or cAMP-dependent signaling pathways. Methods: The study comprised of 40 patients who were matched with 40 healthy control participants, ArMS PCR was used to detect the TLR4 gene polymorphism A/G (896) in patient and healthy control blood sample. Results: The 16S ribosomal RNA gene might be detected based on the findings of the PCR for 16SrRNA. Escherichia coli were found in 22 (55.0%) cases, Staph. aureus was found in 15 (37.5%) cases, and K. pneumonia and P. mirabilis were found in 2 (5.0%) and 1 (2.5%), respectively, using the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. By using the ARMS-PCR approach, the distribution of the TLR-4 (rs4986790) Polymorphism was discovered. There are three genotypes at this locus: AA, AG, and GG. The sole allele amplified by the wild type of homozygote genotype at a 406bp product size was the AA allele. Only the G allele was amplified at a 406bp product size in the mutant type of homozygote genotype. TLR-4 (rs4986790) genotypes AA, AG, and GG were distributed among the control group according to the Hardy Weinberg equation, whereas the heterozygote genotype demonstrated the amplification of the A and G alleles at 406bp product size, respectively. Conclusion: The distribution of TLR-4 (rs4986790) Polymorphism was detected by ARMS-PCR technique; accordingly, the homozygous genotype GG and heterozygous genotype AG were more frequent in patients’ group and considered as risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infections