Blood Biomarkers Associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Normal or High BMI Patients

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) which is called cardiac attack, it is a dangerous condition resulted from a deficiency of blood perfusion to heart muscle.

The individuals that included in the present study were 80 subjects of both sexes (men and women). Of those, forty (40) women (20 women with MI and 20 healthy women). The remaining number (40 men) were 20 affected with MI and 20 healthy men). Furthermore, the individuals were classified into four groups according to their ages (40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years old).

Data that were observed in this study showed that MI incidence was proportionate with body mass index (BMI), it was found that patients with BMI 25-33 kg/m² comprised 70% whereas patients with BMI 19-23 kg/m² constituted 30%.

Concerning blood parameters, they had been recorded a significant increase (p<0.01) in the levels of total white blood cells (WBCs), granulocyte percentage ratio, lymphocyte percentage ratio, and blood platelets count in all patients affected with MI in matching with their counterparts of healthy individuals.

Results of biomarkers (fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, and troponin) were significantly higher (p<0.0001) in patients with MI compared to those healthy one. In addition, the values of studied biomarkers had been showed a significant elevation (p<0.0001) in patients who had high BMI (25-33 kg/m²) when compared with those patients with BMI ranged between (19-23 kgandm²).

Statistical analyses of correlation coefficients pointed out the following data, there was a significant negative correlation between granulocytes and lymphocytes (r= -0.99, sig= 0.0001) in patients with MI.

Also, it was found a significant negative correlation between blood platelets and troponin (r= -0.66, sig= 0.0001) in those patients with MI.

The ROC analysis of biomarkers that were tested showed the following results, the ROC of troponin showed that AUC was 0.813 with cutoff equal to 1.650, fibrinogen ROC analyses indicated that AUC was 0.816 and cutoff results of CRP were 0.724 and 6.150 respectively.

Finally, these results that illustrated above, may be return to systemic inflammation associated with MI and might implicated in progression and worsening of MI disease. As well as there was no gender differences in studied parameters among patients with MI.