The Clinical Significance of Tumor Biomarker (PSA) In The Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer and Its Correlation with The Stage of the Disease

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most frequently type of cancer which leading death in male, Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is possibly the most commonly utilized tumor marker for prostatic carcinoma screening. The present study was conducted to assess the diagnostic efficiency of Serum PSA in identifying of prostate cancer as compared to tissue biopsy. The study was conducted in the private clinics in Basra city All of the patients in this study have been diagnosed with prostate cancer. The study was carried out from February 2018 to February 2019.In total, 49 patients took part in the trial, with 30 normal participants serving as controls. The results of the current study revealed that the mean age of prostate cancer patients was 59.68±9.04 years and that of control subjects was 52.50± 6.27 years (differences were insignificant). PSA of the patients with prostate cancer was significantly more than that of control (11.04±1.73 VS 7.3±0.87 ng/ml, P< 0.01 t- test). The percent of patients with prostate cancer with overweight was significantly more than that recorded in normal subjects (12.24 VS 10.00% %, P< 0.01 Chi square). The percent of obese among patients with prostate cancer was also more than that noted in control group (12.24 VS 3.33%, P< 0.05 Chi square). Furthermore, the percent of smokers among patients with prostate cancer (69.38%) was more than that in healthy subject (20.00%) (P< 0.01 Chi square). When compared to a healthy (control), the patients with prostate cancer showed significant elevation of serum cholesterol (174± 12.01 VS 286±27.23 mg/dl, P < 0.01 t-test), LDLc (99.4±8.5 119± 7.4VS mg/dl, P < 0.01 t-test) and triglycerides (116±13.7 VS 116±13.7, P < 0.05 t-test). While the serum level of HDLc was significantly decreased in prostate cancer patients compared to healthy (controls) (38.8±1.04 VS 44.3±3.7, P < 0.05 t-test. Our data was statistically analyzed, and the results showed there was no correlation between serum PSA and the stage of prostatic cancer. However, of the total patients, 24.49% appeared with PCa, T1, 20.41% with PCa, T2, 14.29% with PCa, T3, 24.49% with PCa, T4 and 16.32% with PCa, T5. Prostate cancer was positively correlated with BMI, lipid profile and smoking, while no correlation was recorded between PSA and the stage of the disease.