THE INFLUENCE OF impacted WISDOM TEETH ON THE STRENGTH OF THE BONE TISSUE IN THE ANGLE OF THE LOWER JAW

Abstract

Objective:study the effect of impaction of the lower third molars on the strength of the bone tissue of the lower jaw in the area of its angle. Materials and methods. On 150 preparations and 120 sagittal cuts of the lower jaws, the features of its strength in the corner area were studied. All jaws were divided into four groups: Group I - with fully erupted lower third molars, Group II - with no primordia of lower wisdom teeth, Group III - with unilateral impaction of lower third molars, and IV - with bilateral impaction of lower third molars. The results of X-ray examination of 190 patients of the first period of adulthood with fractures of the mandible were also studied. Results of the study. It was established that the growth of the lower jaw in the area of its angle in the presence of the primordia of wisdom teeth proceeds in the same way, regardless of the peculiarities of its eruption. In the absence of primordia, this growth slows down significantly. In the presence of impacted wisdom teeth in the area adjacent to these teeth, in 42% of cases there is III and 32% of cases IV class of bone tissue architectonics according to U. Lekholm and G. Zarb (1985), characterized by a low density of trabeculae of the spongy substance and a large diameter its cells. It is proved that fractures in the area of the mandibular angle most often occur with the second degree of impaction (in 65.3% of cases) and mesial inclination of the impacted third molar, most rarely - in the case of partially erupted wisdom teeth (in 12.6%). Conclusions. The presence of impacted wisdom teeth significantly increases the risk of fractures in the area of the lower jaw angle due to a decrease in the strength of its bone tissue, and the greater the degree of impaction and the greater the angle of inclination of the impacted wisdom tooth, the higher the likelihood of fractures of this localization.